4/10/2024 0 Comments Intensity of light water equationLoudness is a perceptual response to the physical property of intensity. It is an objective quantity associated with a wave. The intensity of a sound wave is a combination of its rate and density of energy transfer. When done by a neuronal circuit (like the circuits in your brain that connect to your ears) the resulting sensation is called loudness. When done by an electronic circuit (like the circuits in a telephone that connect to a microphone) the resulting value is called intensity. Instead, amplitude measurements are almost always used as the raw data in some computation. In any case, the results of such measurements are rarely ever reported. All types of amplitudes are equally valid for describing sound waves mathematically, but pressure amplitudes are the one we humans have the closest connection to. Humans have also been doing it electromechanically for about a hundred years with devices called microphones. ![]() Animals (including humans) have been doing it for several hundred million years with devices called ears. Pressure fluctuations caused by sound waves are much easier to measure. There are some optical techniques that make it possible to image the intense compressions are rarefactions associated with shock waves in air, but these are not the kinds of sounds we deal with in our everyday lives. The period of a sound wave is typically measured in milliseconds. For typical sound waves, the maximum displacement of the molecules in the air is only a hundred or a thousand times larger than the molecules themselves - and what technologies are there for tracking individual molecules anyway? The velocity and acceleration changes caused by a sound wave are equally hard to measure in the particles that make up the medium.ĭensity fluctuations are minuscule and short lived. Measuring displacement might as well be impossible. The density amplitude is the maximum change in density.The pressure amplitude is the maximum change in pressure (the maximum gauge pressure).Amplitudes associated with changes in bulk properties of arbitrarily small regions of the medium. ![]()
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